[TOEFL iBT] Danh sách từ vựng – Vần I

IDIOSYNCRASY

A. personal peculiarity – Wearing white was one of Whistler’s idiosyncrasies.

Synonyms: eccentricity, foible, mannerism, crotchet, aberration, quirk, singularity

IGNOMINIOUS

(noun: IGNOMINY): Incurring public disgrace – suffered an ignominious descent from political power.

Synonyms: infamous, degrading, opprobrious, odious

Antonyms: illustrious, renowned, preeminent

IMMACULATE

Spotless; pure – an immaculate reputation.

Synonyms: undefiled, unsullied, unblemished, untarnished

Antonyms: defiled, sullied, blemished

IMMINENT

Likely to occur soon – stood in imminent peril.

Synonym: impending

IMMUNE

(verb: IMMUNIZE): Exempt from; protected from – immune from taxation.

Synonym : unsusceptible

IMPALE

To pierce through with a pointed instrument – impaled a spider to the wall.

IMPEACH

(1) To accuse (a public official) of wrongdoing – impeached the judge for accepting a bribe.

Synonym: arraign

(2) To cast discredit upon – impeached his motives.

Synonyms: call in question, discredit

IMPECCABLE

Faultless – performed with impeccable skill.

Synonyms: consummate, irreproachable, unerring, infallible

Antonyms: culpable, fallible

IMPERVIOUS

Incapable of being penetrated – a mind impervious to new ideas.

Synonyms: impermeable, impenetrable

Antonyms: permeable, pervasive

IMPLACABLE

Incapable of being soothed, made peaceful, or forgiving – implacable resentment.

Synonyms: unrelenting, inexorable, unappeasable

Antonyms: placable, forbearing

IMPLICIT

(1) Implied but not clearly expressed – an implicit agreement.

(2) Unquestioning – implicit confidence.

Synonyms: tacit, implied

Antonym: explicit

IMPORT

(noun): Meaning; significance or importance – a matter of great import.

Synonyms: purport, moment, consequence

IMPOSTOR

(noun: IMPOSTURE): One who pretends to be what he is notunmasked as an impostor.

Synonyms: quack, mountebank, charlatan, bogus, fraud

IMPRECATION

A curse – hurled imprecations at those who would not listen to him.

Synonyms: execration, malediction, anathema

Antonyms: benediction, benison

IMPREGNABLE

Unconquerable – an impregnable fortress.

Synonym: invincible

Antonym: vulnerable

IMPROPRIETY

Improper act, manners, or expression – guilty of impropriety in public office.

Synonyms: indecency, indecorum

Antonym: amenity

IMPROVIDENT

Lacking in thrift; not providing for future needs – an improvident spender.

Synonyms: prodigal, shiftless

IMPUGN

To attack or criticize as false; to call in question – impugned his honesty.

INCARCERATE

To imprison – crushed his opponents by incarcerating them.

Synonyms: intern, immure

Antonyms: emancipate, enfranchise

INCISIVE

Cutting, penetrating – incisive criticism.

Synonyms: sarcastic, mordant, trenchant, acute

INCOGNITO

With one’s identity concealed – traveled incognito.

INCONTROVERTIBLE

Indisputable – incontrovertible evidence.

Synonyms: irrefutable, -indubitable

INCREMENT

An increase – a salary increment.

Synonym: accrual

INCUMBENT

(noun): An officeholder – the incumbent in an election.

(adj.): Obligatory – felt it incumbent to reply.

Synonyms: – mandatory, imperative

INDEFATIGABLE

Untiring – an indefatigable worker.

Synonyms:unflagging, unremitting, persevering

INDIGENOUS

Native – Rice is indigenous to China.

Synonyms:innate, inborn

INDOOMITABLE

Stubborn in determination not to be subdued – indomitable courage.

Synonyms:insuperable, irrepressible, invincible, unyielding

Antonyms:tractable, amenable, docile, submissive

INFERENCE

A conclusion reached by reasoning from data or premises – an inference drawn from his remarks.

Synonyms:deduction, implication

INGENIOUS

Demonstrating originality, skill, or resourcefulness – an ingenious device.

Synonyms:dextrous, inventive, adroit

Antonyms:maladroit, gauche

INGENUOUS

Simple and straightforward; concealing nothing – an ingenuous plan that anyone could see through.

Synonyms: unsophisticated, naive, candid

Antonym: sophisticated

INGRATIATE

To win another’s favor or good opinion tried to ingratiate himself with the politician.

INHIBIT

To check or hinder – inhibited his friend from a foolhardy course.

Synonyms:restrain, curb

Antonym: promote

INNOCUOUS

Harmless; inoffensive – an innocuous remark, but it enraged him.

INNUENDO

An indirect reference or suggestion (frequently derogatory) – conveyed his idea by innuendo.

Synonyms: (verb) intimate, insinuate

INORDINATE

Excessive – spoiled by inordinate praise.

Synonyms: immoderate, intemperate, extravagant

INSATIABLE

Unable to be satisfied – insatiable greed

Synonyms. unappeasable, unquenchable, insatiate

INSCRUTABLE

Incapable of interpretation or understanding – the inscrutable smile of the Mona Lisa.

Synonyms: unfathomable, cryptic, enigmatic

INSIDIOUS

Working secretly or slyly – that insidious disease, cancer.

Synonyms: wily, crafty, furtive, treacherous, artful, guileful perfidious

INSTIGATE

To stir tip – instigated discontent among the soldiers.

Synonyms: foment, incite

INTEGRITY

Honesty, moral soundness – a man of proved integrity.

Synonyms: probity, uprightness, incorruptibility

INVEIGH

(noun-. INVECTIVE): To speak angrily or bitterly-inveighed against economic discrimination.

Synonyms: rail, denounce, fulminate, vituperate

IRASCIBLE

Easily angered – Even petty things made Peter irascible.

Synonyms: choleric, petulant, testy, peevish, splenetic, touchy

Antonyms: placid, equable

IRE

Anger -aroused his ire.

Synonyms: resentment; (adj.) irate, incensed

IRKSOME

Tedious, monotonous – an irksome chore that no one liked.

ITINERANT

Traveling about; wandering – an itinerant salesman.

Synonym: nomadic